Texas Lawyers Blog

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The Texas Lawyers Blog provides useful information on the law and Texas lawyers. For more information on this Blog or a legal topic, please feel free to submit an inquiry or send an e-mail message to blog@texaslawyers.com

Friday, January 6, 2017

Child Button Battery Lawsuits and Defective Toy Lawsuits by Texas Button Battery Lawyer and Defective Toy Lawyer

Child Button Battery Health Alert: Defective Button Battery Toys and Other Button Battery Products Can Cause Significant Injuries to Infants and Young Children by Texas Defective Toy Lawyer and Texas Button Battery Defective Product Lawyer Jason S. Coomer

With the increased use of button batteries in several types of products has come an increased health risk to infants and young children.  This risk is from defective toys, defective baby monitors, and other defective products that have easy accessible battery compartments with button batteries that allow infants and young children to access button batteries and potentially swallow the batteries.  Once an infant or young child ingests or inserts one or more button batteries into them, it can case significant injuries or even death. 

Parents and other caretakers of young children should be made aware of this potential button battery danger and makers of toys and other products used by or around young children should ensure that proper measures are taken to protect young children from this danger.  For more information on this topic, please go to the following web page: Button Battery Health Risk: Defective Toy Button Battery Lawyer.

Dangerous and Defective Products Including Defective Toys, Defective Baby Monitors, Defective Flashlights, Defective Cribs, and Defective Car Seats That Are Unreasonably Dangerous to Small Children Should be Reported to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Dangerous and defective products including dangerous button battery toys, defective cribs, defective button battery children's products, and defective car seats should be properly reported to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.  Additionally, product recalls are listed on the Consumer Product Safety Commission's website and can be a useful resource in ensuring that your home or business is safe for young children.  It is also important to check the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission to make sure that the toys, car seats, food, and cribs that you are buying are safe and have no known safety defects.



Sunday, October 2, 2016

Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyers Help Victims of Traumatic Brain Injuries and Families of Those Suffering From Traumatic Brain Injuries by Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyer Jason Coomer

Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyers Help Victims of Traumatic Brain Injuries and Families of Those Suffering From Traumatic Brain Injuries by Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyer Jason Coomer

Traumatic Brain Injuries can cause catastrophic damages in a person's life.  This is especially true when the victim of a traumatic brain injury is supporting their family prior to suffering a severe traumatic brain injury.  In these situations, it is extremely important for the victim and their family to ensure that they have excellent medical providers that can properly diagnose and treat the traumatic brain injury as well as an excellent lawyer that can help seek compensation for the damages caused by the injury including money to pay for reasonable and necessary medical treatment.

For more information on Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawsuits, please go to the following web site: Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyer Helps Victims of Traumatic Brain Injuries.

Severe Brain Injuries Including Traumatic Brain Injuries Can Be Caused By A Variety of Traumas Many of Which Can Be The Basis of a Traumatic Brain Injury Lawsuit

Serious brain injuries can occur through traumatic impact to the head caused by an automobile accident, serious fall, falling object, construction accident, accidental gun shot, boating accident, or a vicious attack.  Severe trauma to the head can cause the brain to move inside the skull and injure the brain. The skull typically protects the brain from injury, but because the inside of the skull is rough a traumatic event that causes the brain to move or to swell inside the skull can cause the brain to press up against the skull and cause serious brain damage. Severe brain damage can also be caused by a lack of oxygen getting to the brain, a hemorrhage inside the brain, or damage to the skull.

A subarachnoid hemorrhage can be caused by trauma and is often described as the worst headache you can have. A subarachnoid hemorrhage is bleeding between the middle membrane covering of the brain and the brain itself. Specifically it occurs within the cerebrospinal fluid-filled spaces surrounding the brain (also known as the subarachnoid space).

Subdural hematomas are usually the result of a serious head injury. When they occur from head trauma, it is called an "acute" subdural hematoma. Acute subdural hematomas are among the deadliest of all head injuries. The bleeding fills the brain area very rapidly, leaving little room for the brain, and are associated with brain injury.

Subdural hematomas can occur after a very minor head injury, especially in the elderly. The subdural hematomas go unnoticed for many days or many weeks, and are called "chronic" subdural hematomas. During a subdural hematoma, tiny veins between the surface of the brain and its outer covering (the dura) stretch and tear, allowing blood to collect. In the elderly, the veins are often already stretched because of brain atrophy (shrinkage).

Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyer Jason Coomer Works With Other Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyers Throughout The United States on Catastrophic Injury Cases

Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyer Jason Coomer commonly works with other Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyers and Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyers throughout the United States.  For more information on Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawsuits or Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyer Jason Coomer, please go to the following web site: Texas Traumatic Brain Injury Lawyer Helps Victims of Traumatic Brain Injuries.


Monday, August 15, 2016

International Bribery Schemes and Other Illicit Actions Can Be The Basis of SEC Bounty Actions That Pay Large Financial Rewards to International Professionals Who Anonymously and Properly Expose SEC/FCPA Violations

International Bribery Schemes, Multinational Corporation Accounting Fraud, and Other Illicit Actions Can Be The Basis of SEC Bounty Actions That Pay Large Financial Rewards to International Professionals Who Anonymously and Properly Expose SEC/FCPA Violations by International Professional Bribery Scheme Lawyer Jason S. Coomer

Several types of whistleblower reward laws are now in place that are offering large financial rewards to pharmaceutical professionals and other international business professionals who properly expose international bribery schemes, accounting fraud, and other types of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)/Foreign Corrupt Practices Action (FCPA) violations.  To be able to collect a large financial reward anonymously, the international professional must properly expose significant SEC/FCPA violations through a whistleblower reward lawyer.  For more information on this topic, please read below or go to the following web site: International Whistleblower Information Center: Confidential Reviews of SEC/FCPA Cases for International Professionals

International Pharmaceutical Professionals, Doctors, and other Health Care Professionals Can Confidentially Expose Illegal Bribery Schemes and other SEC/FCPA Violations Through a Lawyer and Collect Large Financial Rewards

Every year over $4.0 trillion (US dollars) is spent worldwide on health services including approximately $900 billion (US dollars) that is spent in the pharmaceutical market on drugs and medications.  It is estimated that from 10% to 20% of health services is lost to or the result of bribes, corruption, or fraud.  This loss is the target of whistleblower reward laws and offer international professionals the potential to receive a portion of money recovered by the SEC/FCPA.  In other words, if a whistleblower properly exposes an international bribery scheme that resulted in a large company increasing sales by $1 billion, the SEC can disgorge these ill gotten profits of $1 billion plus impose fines for the violations.  These resulting whistleblower reward can be up to 30% of what the SEC collected or over $300 million in the above scenario.   

It is estimated that of the $900 billion that is spent on pharmaceuticals that about $100 billion is lost though or the result of bribes, corruption, or fraud.  This is especially true in the 17 so-called "pharmerging countries," which include China, Brazil, Russia, India, Venezuela, Poland, and Ukraine. In these "pharmerging countries", the competition between large drug companies is fierce and several of the large drug companies have already received large fines for violating SEC and FCPA laws.  Based on the potential fro profits in these pharmerging markets, it is expected that large drug companies will continue to violate SEC/FCPA violations and that larger fines will be imposed in the future.

 The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) prohibits bribery of foreign officials by U.S. and foreign companies listed on the U.S. securities exchange.  International Pharmaceutical Professionals who properly report violations of the FCPA by a U.S. or foreign company listed on the U.S. securities exchanges can recover a large reward for exposing FCPA violations.  These whistleblowers can expose bribery schemes through a lawyer and protect their identify.  For more information on this topic, please go to the following web page: Confidentially Expose International Drug Company Bribes and Earn Large Whistleblower Rewards.

International Government Procurement Professionals Can Receive Large Financial Rewards by Anonymously Exposing Government Procurement Bribery Schemes

Worldwide government purchasing or government procurement is estimated to be over $10 Trillion each year.  Of this large amount of government purchasing, it is estimated that as much as 20% may be through illegal bribes, kickbacks, and other illicit payments.  Government procurement spending includes military spending; public works projects; public health care (pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, & hospitals); ports, transportation, & roads; mining and oil extraction; power grid and stations; education; law enforcement; and sanitation services.  Because of the vast amount of money spent by governments on government procurement, there are many different types of government procurement illegal bribery schemes, illegal kickback schemes, and other illicit payment schemes that have been created to steal money from the public at the expense of a country's citizens.

If you are aware of a government procurement illegal bribery scheme, illegal kickback scheme, and other illicit payment scheme, it is important that you learn how to properly report the government corruption and determine the best way to expose the corruption.  For more information on this topic, please go to the following web page:  International Government Procurement Professionals Can Receive Large Financial Rewards by Anonymously Exposing Government Procurement Bribery Schemes.

Sunday, July 31, 2016

Globalization and Supply Chain Fraud in the Pharmaceutical Industry and other Regulated Industries Can Result in Dangerous Products and Be The Basis for Large Whistleblower Reward Recoveries by International Professionals with Original Information of FCPA Violations

The Globalization of International Trade and Standardization of Anti-bribery and Corruption Laws Have Led to the Enforcement of International Whistleblower Laws That Reward International Professionals for Anonymously Exposing Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Violations Including Illegal Bribes, Supply Chain Fraud, and Accounting Fraud by International Whistleblower Reward Lawyer Jason Coomer

Through globalization of international trade, there has been a shift in many international manufacturing supply chains. As such, raw material supplies for pharmaceuticals as well as component parts and raw materials for medical supplies, medical equipment, aircraft, weapons systems, electronics, and several other regulated products that have traditionally come from the United States and Europe are now coming from China and India. This manufacturing shift has created an environment where adulterated ingredients to pharmaceuticals, medical supplies, and medical devices as well as counterfeit parts for weapons and electronics may be used in the manufacturing of products and can create dangerous and adulterated drugs, medical supplies, and medical devices as well as dangerous and defective weapons, computers, aircraft, and vehicles.

For this reason international professionals are being offered large financial rewards to properly expose supply chain fraud including bribes, accounting fraud, and dangerous regulated products.  Under SEC FCPA whistleblower reward laws, an international professional can report these Foreign Corrupt Practice Act violations anonymously through a lawyer to protect their identity and career from potential retaliation.

The Globalization of the Pharmaceutical Industry

Every year over $4.1 trillion (US dollars) is spent worldwide on health services including approximately $850 billion (US dollars) that is spent in the pharmaceutical market on drugs and medications.  In 2011, it is estimated that global pharmaceutical sales are expected to grow by 5% to 7% to around $880 billion.  This growth in sales is led by the 17 so-called "pharmerging countries," which include China, Brazil, Russia, India, Venezuela, Poland and the Ukraine.  These "pharmerging countries", are forecast to see their pharmaceutical spending grow at a 15% to 17% rate in 2011, to between $170 billion and $180 billion overall.

For more information on Globalization in the Pharmaceutical Industry, please go to the following web pages: Globalization in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Drug Company Bribe Whistleblowers, and Doctors in China Are Needed to Expose Illegal Drug Bribes and Fraudulent Marketing Schemes.

The Globalization of Electronics, Weapons Systems, and Aircraft

Globalization of supply chains in international trade has created a shift in where many component parts are produced.  This shift includes the production of electronic components that are used in aircraft, military weapons systems, computers, medical equipment, and other products that are purchased by the United States government through procurement contracts.  These electronic components were traditionally manufactured in the United States and Europe, but are now being manufactured in China, Mexico, India, and South America.  When these electronic components are fake or substandard parts, false certifications regarding the quality of these electronic components can  be the subject of a Qui Tam False Claims Act Whistleblower Reward Lawsuit. These lawsuits encourage whistleblowers including international whistleblowers along the electronic component supply chain to blow the whistle on fake military electronic components, low quality electronic components, and other counterfeit electronic parts.

For more information on Globalization in the Electronics, Weapons Systems, and Aircraft, please go to the following web page: Globalization of Electronics, Weapons Systems, and Aircraft.

Sunday, July 24, 2016

Texas Interstate Probate Lawyer and Texas International Probate Lawyer Works With Probate Lawyers, Heirs, and Beneficiaries from Throughout the United States and the World by Texas Interstate Probate Lawyer and Texas International Probate Lawyer

Texas Interstate Probate Lawyer and Texas International Probate Lawyer Works With Probate Lawyers, Heirs, and Beneficiaries from Throughout the United States and the World by Texas Interstate Probate Lawyer and Texas International Probate Lawyer

In our modern society, many families have spread out throughout the United States and the World resulting in family members living and owning real property in different states and sometimes in different countries.  From a legal perspective, when one of these family members dies or becomes incompetent, it can create legal and probate issues in multiple jurisdictions.   In these situations, the family of the deceased or incompetent loved one often will require probate lawyers in different jurisdictions to work together to determine how best to gather and transfer estate property.

As a Texas Interstate Probate Lawyer and Texas International Probate Lawyer, Jason Coomer commonly works with families from other states and countries as well as lawyers from other jurisdictions to resolve inheritance and probate issues.  For more information on this topic, please go to the following web pages: Texas International Probate Lawyer Information and Texas Interstate Probate Lawyer Information

Family Members Who Are Grieving The Loss of a Loved One Often Need Legal Assistance with the Texas Probate Process

For the family member who lives outside the State of Texas and has never been through the Texas probate process, it can often be challenging to understand what should be done under Texas probate law.  At a time when they want to grieve the loss of their loved one, they are often forced to deal with difficult issues including:

    1) Who should be in control of their loved ones' estate?
    2) What needs to be done to have an administrator or executor appointed?
    3) What are probate & non-probate property?
    4)  What should be done to protect estate property?
    5)  Is a Will necessary?
    6)  What can be done with Estate property?  Can it be sold or transferred?

When faced with these decisions, it is often helpful to speak with and hire a Texas probate lawyer who works with international and out of state clients to help take care of probate issues.  Such a lawyer can often help out of state and out of country family members limit travel to Texas for probate matters and handle many aspects of the Texas probate process remotely through electronic communications, Federal Express, and understanding Texas probate law. 

Texas International Probate Lawyer and Texas Interstate Probate Lawyer

Texas International and Interstate Probate Lawyer, Jason Coomer, commonly works with out of state and out of country family, heirs, lawyers, and beneficiaries to guide them through the Texas probate process.  In doing so, he works to protect the wishes of loved ones that have passed on, the best interests of his clients, and to coordinate efforts with foreign co-counsel.

Saturday, July 23, 2016

Texas Hill Country Real Estate Probate Transfers: Families Usually Need Assistance Transferring or Selling Texas Real Property After the Death or Incapacity of a Loved One by Central Texas Real Estate Probate Lawyer

Texas Hill Country Real Estate Probate Transfers: Families Usually Need Assistance Transferring or Selling Texas Real Property After The Death or Incapacity of a Loved One by Texas Hill Country Real Estate Probate Lawyer Jason S. Coomer

As more retirees and seniors are deciding to buy real property in the Texas Hill Country and the Central Texas area, their families are having to determine how to transfer or sell the real property when their loved one dies or becomes incapacitated.  For many seniors, it is a perfect dream to live in the Texas Hill Country with beautiful views including great lake property by Lake Travis, Lake LBJ, Canyon Lake, Lake Buchanan, and Lake Austin or great hill country property with beautiful views of the Texas Hill Country.  For these and many other reasons, real estate in the Central Texas area including Lakeway, Bee Cave, Lago Vista, San Marcos, Spicewood, Marble Falls, and Johnson City is selling rapidly and increasing in value. 

When a Loved One Dies or Becomes Incompetent a Texas Probate Lawyer Is Usually Needed to Transfer or Sell Real Property

However, when a loved one becomes incompetent or dies owning real property in Texas, their families are often not close enough to know how to transfer Texas real property or to know of a good Central Texas probate lawyer who can help the family transfer their loved one's real estate through the probate process.  For this reason, it is common for lake property, lake homes, hill country homes, condos, and other Texas real property to get stuck going through the Texas probate process and in some situations become lost to foreclosure.  Knowing a good Central Texas probate lawyer that handles probate matters in Travis County, Llano County, Blanco County, Burnett County, Hays County, Williamson County, Comal County, Bexar County, Bastrop County, and Fayette County can help a family save a significant amount of wealth after a loved one dies or becomes incompetent.

By working with a good Central Texas probate lawyer that handles probate matters in Travis County, Llano County, Blanco County, Burnett County, Hays County, Williamson County, Comal County, Bexar County, Bastrop County, and Fayette County, families and friends of the decedent that live outside of Central Texas or the state of Texas, can often act as the executor or administrator of their loved one's estate, save a significant amount of wealth, and minimize the number of trips needed to be made to take care of estate and probate matters. 
For more information on this issue, please go to the following web page: Central Texas Inheritance Lawyer and Central Texas Real Estate Transfer Lawyer.

Sunday, July 17, 2016

Oil Company Fraud Lawyer: Oil Company Fraud Can Be The Basis of Several Different Types of Lawsuits by Texas Oil Company Fraud Lawyer

Oil Company Fraud Lawyer: Oil Company Fraud Can Be The Basis of Several Different Types of Lawsuits Including Whistleblower Reward Bounty Actions, Whistleblower False Claims Act Lawsuits, and Direct Actions Against Oil Companies or Brokers by Texas Oil Company Fraud Lawyer Jason Coomer

Oil company fraud, oil investment fraud, and oil company accounting fraud can be the basis of several different types of legal actions including whistleblower reward bounty actions, Federal False Claims Act whistleblower reward lawsuits, class actions, shareholder actions, and direct fraud, negligence, and breach of fiduciary duty lawsuits against oil companies or brokers. 

For more information on this oil investment fraud lawsuits and oil company whistleblower reward lawsuits, please go to the following web pages: Oil Investment Fraud Lawsuit Information and Oil Company Fraud Whistleblower Reward Lawsuits.

The Number of Oil Investment Fraud Lawsuits and Oil Company Whistleblower Lawsuits Continues To Increase

The number of Oil Investment Fraud Lawsuits and Oil Company Whistleblower Lawsuits have increased over the last decade and with the enactment of several new whistleblower reward lawsuits are expected to continue to increase in the future.  A key area of expansion in these lawsuits will including off shore drilling lawsuits and international oil company bribery and kickback lawsuits where Oil Companies have paid illegal kickbacks and bribes to government officials and former government officials in exchange for drilling contracts, pipeline contracts, oil leases, offshore drilling, mining contracts, and other large building projects.  Through new laws and regulations Oil Companies can be brought to justice and made to pay large penalties violations of law.  Further, the whistleblowers that bring these corporations to justice can collect large financial rewards under the  Securities Exchange Act (SEC Whistleblower Bounty Actions) and the Commodity Exchange Act (CFTC Whisteblower Bounty Actions) for properly exposing accounting fraud, failure to comply with mandatory reporting requirements, and illegal bribery schemes.

For more information on this topic, please go to the following web page: International Whistleblower Reward Laws Encourage International Whistleblowers to Expose Government Corruption, Oil Company Bribes to Public Officials, Illegal Kickbacks from Energy Companies, Illicit Payments to Government Officials, and other Violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.

Friday, July 15, 2016

Ovarian Cancer Health Risk from Talcum Powder: Women Using Talcum Powder Products Should Be Aware of a Potential Increased Ovarian Cancer Health Risk by Talcum Powder Ovarian Cancer Lawyer

Ovarian Cancer Health Risk from Talcum Powder: Women Using Talcum Powder Including Johnson's Baby Powder and Shower-to-Shower Products Should Be Aware of a Potential Increased Ovarian Cancer Health Risk That May Be Caused By Use of Talcum Powder Products by Talcum Powder Ovarian Cancer Lawyer Jason Coomer

Two recent multi-million dollar verdicts against Johnson & Johnson have found that this manufacturer of talcum powder products has failed to adequately warn women regarding the potential danger of an ovarian cancer health risk for women using these products.  These verdicts have led to over a thousand lawsuits being filed against Johnson & Johnson by women with ovarian cancer and families of women who have died from ovarian cancer.  For more information on this topic, please go to the following web page: Ovarian Cancer Talcum Powder Lawsuit Information.

Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer Can Save Lives & Increase a Woman's Chance of Survival

Ovarian cancer is a hard to detect form of cancer that forms in a woman's ovary. It commonly results in abnormal cells that have the ability to metastasize to other parts of a woman's body.  When ovarian cancer begins, there may be no or only vague symptoms. Symptoms do become more noticeable as the cancer progresses. These symptoms may include bloating, pelvic pain, abdominal swelling, and loss of appetite, among others. Common areas to which the cancer may spread include the lining of the abdomen, lining of the bowel and bladder, lymph nodes, lungs, and liver.

If ovarian cancer is caught and treated in an early stage, it may be curable. Treatment usually includes some combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Outcomes depend on the extent of the disease and the subtype of the cancer present. The overall five-year survival rate in the United States is 45%.

Wednesday, July 6, 2016

International Drug Company Professionals Can Earn Large Rewards By Anonymously Exposing Bribery Schemes in Pharmerging Markets by International Drug Company Whistelblower Reward Lawyer

International Drug Company Professionals Can Earn Large Rewards By Anonymously Exposing Bribery Schemes in Pharmerging Markets by International Drug Company Whistelblower Reward Lawyer Jason S. Coomer

International whistleblowers can recover large amounts of money for exposing international medicine procurement kickbacks, medicine supply chain bribes, and other violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.  As such, pharmaceutical representatives, international drug executives, government officials, physicians, health care providers, community activists, and other persons, who are the original source of specialized knowledge of international drug company bribes, international pharmaceutical company illegal kickback schemes, public health medicine procurement bribery schemes, and other illicit payments for drug procurement, medical device procurement, medication, pharmaceutical, and medical equipment contracts.

For more information on this topic, please go to the following web pages:  International Medicine Procurement Bribe Whistleblower Rewards and International Government Procurement Bribe Bounty Actions.

U.S. Foreign Bribery Penalties Of Tens of Millions of Dollars for Drugmakers Need to Be Increased To Prevent Continued Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Violations

Global drugmakers are paying tens of millions of dollars to settle U.S. allegations that they bribed their way across emerging markets, but harsher penalties may be needed to deter the practice in untapped regions where billions are at stake.

Federal authorities have cast a wide net to weed out suspected gift-giving and kickbacks to foreign doctors and government officials to gain a foothold in burgeoning new markets in Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
At least eight of the world's top 10 drugmakers, including Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, Pfizer Inc and Johnson &, have disclosed U.S. probes under the 1977 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA).

Pfizer agreed to pay $60 million this year to settle FCPA charges and J&J reached a $70 million settlement last year. Pfizer is on track to record $10 billion in sales from emerging markets this year, while J&J said Brazil, Russia, India and China accounted for just under 10 percent of the $65 billion in sales it reported last year.

Analysis: U.S. foreign bribery penalties for drugmakers may lack bite | Reuters

Sunday, July 3, 2016

Bank FOREX Fraud and Foreign Exchange Rate Fraud Can Be The Basis of Large Whistleblower Rewards by Bank FOREX Fraud Whistleblower Reward Lawyer

Bank FOREX Fraud and Foreign Exchange Rate Fraud Can Be The Basis of Large Whistleblower Rewards by Bank FOREX Fraud Whistleblower Reward Lawyer Jason Coomer

Bank FOREX Fraud and Foreign Exchange Rate Fraud in the $5 trillion-a-day FOREX market can be the basis of large bounty action rewards.  These rewards can be paid to financial professionals who anonymously and properly expose significant bank foreign exchange rate fraud.  For more information on this topic, please go to the following web page: Bank Foreign Exchange Rate Fraud Lawyer: Confidential Reviews of Bounty Actions.    

Several Major Banks Have Been Fined Billions of Dollars For Attempting to Manipulate Foreign Exchange Rates

Seven major banks have been fined over $10 billion for failing to stop traders from trying to manipulate foreign exchange rates, which are used daily by millions of people from trillion-dollar investment houses to tourists buying foreign currencies on vacation.  By confidentially and properly reporting similar bank foreign exchange rate schemes of this magnitude, a financial professional or investor can earn large financial rewards.  An example of a reward based on a $10 billion fine by the SEC or CFTC could be between $1 billion to $3 billion.  These rewards are designed to encourage financial professionals with original knowledge of significant investment fraud schemes to expose the fraud.  Included in these laws are confidentially protections that allow a financial professional to anonymously expose these schemes through a lawyer.